Role of mitochondria in liver metabolic health and diseases

The liver is a major organ that coordinates the metabolic flexibility of the whole body, which is characterized by the ability to adapt dynamically in response to fluctuations in energy needs and supplies. In this context, hepatocyte mitochondria are key partners in fine-tuning metabolic flexibility. Here we review the metabolic and signalling pathways carried by mitochondria in the liver, the major pathways that regulate mitochondrial function and how they function in health and metabolic disorders associated to obesity, i.e. insulin resistance, non-alcoholic steatosis and steatohepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Finally, strategies targeting mitochondria to counteract liver disorders are discussed.

Automated summary

The liver plays a crucial role in coordinating the metabolic flexibility of the body, with hepatocyte mitochondria being key partners in this process. This review covers the metabolic and signaling pathways carried by liver mitochondria, as well as their role in health and metabolic disorders associated with obesity.