Family function fully mediates the relationship between social support and perinatal depression in rural Southwest China

BackgroundPerinatal depression is the most common complication of gestation and childbearing affecting women and their families, and good social support and family function are considered protective and modifiable factors. This study aimed to investigate depression status and explore inter-relationships between social support and perinatal depression considering the influence of family function in rural areas of Southwest China.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study. The following instruments were used: the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale, the APGAR Family Care Index Scale, and the Social Support Rate Scale. A structural equation modelling was used to test the hypothesis relationships among the variables.ResultsA total of 490 rural antenatal (N=249) and postpartum (N=241) women (mean age (standard deviation), 28.175.12) participated. We found that the prevalence of depression symptoms was 10.4%. Path analysis showed that family function had a direct negative correlation with depression (beta=-0.251, 95%CI: -0.382 to -0.118). Social support had a direct positive correlation with family function (beta =0.293, 95%CI: 0.147 to 0.434) and had an indirect negative correlation with depression (beta=-0.074, 95%CI: -0.139 to -0.032), family function fully mediated the relationship between social support and depression.Conclusions Findings of this study highlight that family function should be considered as the key target for interventions aiming to lower the prevalence of perinatal depression. Family members interventions are critical to reduce depression among antenatal and postpartum women.

Automated summary

This study in rural Southwest China found a 10.4% prevalence of depression symptoms among antenatal and postpartum women. The research indicated that family function was directly negatively correlated with depression, while social support was directly positively correlated with family function and indirectly correlated with depression.