Spin-orbit torque rectifier for weak RF energy harvesting

We propose a rectifier concept, simultaneously utilizing the Hall effect and the spin-orbit-torque, that is well matched to the low impedance of antennas. This rectifier is promising for general radio detection and, particularly, for harvesting ambient weak radio signals, where conventional rectification fails to operate. The Hall effect and spin-orbit-torque are both proportional to current density, which improves inversely with the device cross-sectional area, providing a large signal at the nanoscale. A single device made using existing materials can provide 200 mu V DC from 500 nW of radio frequency (RF) power. A series array of such devices can efficiently enhance the DC voltage to 300mV while matching the receiver antenna impedance. Such magnetic devices can convert weak RF power into DC power with substantial efficiency at low voltage and low impedance where conventional semiconductor rectifiers fail.

Automated summary

A rectifier concept utilizing the Hall effect and spin-orbit-torque is proposed, suitable for low impedance antennas and capable of generating large signals at the nanoscale by leveraging current density. This technology can efficiently convert weak RF power into DC power at low voltage and low impedance, where traditional semiconductor rectifiers fail to operate.