期刊
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
卷 60, 期 15, 页码 8510-8514出版社
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/anie.202100301
关键词
mechanochromism; near-infrared; noncovalent conformational locking; wide-range redshift
资金
- Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province [LZ20E030001]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [52073089, 21875219]
This study presents the design and preparation of metal-free luminophores with piezochromic properties, achieved by locking the planar conformation through noncovalent interactions, leading to significant differences in fluorescence emission wavelengths in the near-infrared region. The strategy is shown to be simple yet effective, offering a promising approach to develop organic piezochromic materials with wide-range redshift and excellent penetrability.
Piezochromic organic materials that present a large difference in fluorescence wavelength in the near-infrared region have important potential applications; however, few such metal-free luminophores have been reported. In this study, we design and prepare pi-conjugated electron acceptors whose planar conformation can be locked by the noncovalent interactions. The planar fused-ring geometry can narrow the optical band gap, enhance the molecular stability and rigidity, as well as increase the radiative rate. As expected, the polymorphs Re-phase and Ni-phase emit the high-brightness fluorescence with wavelength maxima (lambda(em,max)) at 615 and 727 nm, respectively. Upon full grinding, the lambda(em,max) of Re-phase is bathochromically shifted to 775 nm. The ground powder of Re-phase becomes metastable as a consequence of noncovalent conformational locking and that the red to near-infrared (large colour difference) mechanochromism arises from the high degree of conformational coplanarity. This strategy is both conceptually and synthetically simple and offers a promising approach to the development of organic piezochromic materials with wide-range redshift and excellent penetrability.
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