期刊
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
卷 60, 期 31, 页码 16800-16823出版社
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/anie.202008663
关键词
aptamers; biosensors; DNA; SELEX
资金
- National Institute of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice Awards [2015-R2-CX-0034]
- National Institutes of Health-National Institute on Drug Abuse [R21DA04533401A1]
- National Science Foundation [1905143]
- Division Of Chemistry
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien [1905143] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
This review discusses the challenges and advances in isolating and characterizing small-molecule-binding DNA aptamers, including in vitro methodologies for isolation, strategies for optimal binding properties, techniques for characterizing aptamer-target binding and structure, and various small-molecule sensing platforms and detection applications based on aptamers.
Aptamers are short oligonucleotides isolated in vitro from randomized libraries that can bind to specific molecules with high affinity, and offer a number of advantages relative to antibodies as biorecognition elements in biosensors. However, it remains difficult and labor-intensive to develop aptamer-based sensors for small-molecule detection. Here, we review the challenges and advances in the isolation and characterization of small-molecule-binding DNA aptamers and their use in sensors. First, we discuss in vitro methodologies for the isolation of aptamers, and provide guidance on selecting the appropriate strategy for generating aptamers with optimal binding properties for a given application. We next examine techniques for characterizing aptamer-target binding and structure. Afterwards, we discuss various small-molecule sensing platforms based on original or engineered aptamers, and their detection applications. Finally, we conclude with a general workflow to develop aptamer-based small-molecule sensors for real-world applications.
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