Time course of changes in (V) over doto2peak and O2 extraction during ramp cycle exercise following HIIT versus moderate-intensity continuous training in type 2 diabetes

In the present study, we assessed the time course of adaptations in peak oxygen uptake ((V) over dot(O2peak)) and muscle fractional oxygen (O-2) extraction (using near-infrared spectroscopy) following 12 wk of low-volume high-intensity interval training (HIIT) versus moderate-intensity continuous endurance training (MICT) in adults with uncomplicated type 2 diabetes (T2D). Participants with T2D were randomly assigned to MICT (n = 12, 50 min of moderate-intensity cycling) or HIIT (n = 9, 10 x 1 min at similar to 90% maximal heart rate) or to a nonexercising control group (n = 9). Exercising groups trained three times per week and measurements were taken every 3 wk. The rate of muscle deoxygenation (i.e., deoxygenated hemoglobin and myoglobin concentration, Delta[HHb + Mb]) profiles of the vastus lateralis muscle were normalized to 100% of the response, plotted against % power output (PO), and fitted with a double linear regression model. (V) over dot(O2peak) increased (P < 0.05) by week 3 of MICT (+17%) and HIIT (+8%), with no further significant changes thereafter. Total increases in (V) over dot(O2peak) posttraining (P < 0.05) were 27% and 14%, respectively. The %Delta [HHb + Mb] versus %PO slope of the first linear segment (slope1) was reduced (P < 0.05) beyond 3wk of HIIT and MICT, with no further significant changes thereafter. No changes in (V) over dot(O2peak) or slope1 were observed in the control group. Low-volume HIIT and MICT induced improvements in (V) over dot(O2peak) following a similar time course, and these improvements were likely, at least in part, due to an improved microvascular O-2 delivery.

Automated summary

Both low-volume high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous endurance training (MICT) improved peak oxygen uptake (V O2peak) in adults with uncomplicated type 2 diabetes in a similar time course, with likely improvements due to enhanced microvascular oxygen delivery.