期刊
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE
卷 49, 期 3, 页码 719-735出版社
WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD
DOI: 10.1142/S0192415X21500336
关键词
Ginseng Berry; RAW264.7 Macrophage; Anti-Inflammatory; Anti-Oxidant; Lipopolysaccharide
资金
- Dankook University
The study evaluated the protective effects of Korean ginseng berry extract (KGB) on LPS-induced inflammation and found that KGB can inhibit cytokine production, reduce expression of inflammation-related genes, and decrease oxidative stress through multiple pathways. These results suggest that KGB may have the potential to be a therapeutic agent for inflammatory and oxidative stress-related diseases.
Inflammatory macrophages stimulated by LPS disrupt homeostasis in the production of inflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide (NO). These are the causes of inflammation-related diseases and various cancers. The present study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of Korean ginseng berry extract (KGB) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in RAW264.7 macrophage cells. NO and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production was elevated in response to LPS stimulation and was dose-dependently reduced by pretreatment with KGB. The expression levels of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) mRNA and protein were also reduced by KGB treatment. KGB treatment significantly suppressed the LPS-induced gene expression and production of cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1 beta, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). Furthermore, KGB inhibited the translocation of nuclear expression of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) by preventing inhibitory factor-kappa B (I kappa B alpha) phosphorylation and suppressing the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK1/2), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38. Additionally, decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and increased glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activities were observed following KGB treatment. Taken together, these results indicated that KGB possesses anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects, mediated by the inhibition of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) signaling pathway in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages. KGB may represent a potential therapeutic agent for inflammatory and oxidative stress-related diseases.
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