4.7 Article

The chilling requirement of subtropical trees is fulfilled by high temperatures: A generalized hypothesis for tree endodormancy release and a method for testing it

期刊

AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY
卷 298, 期 -, 页码 -

出版社

ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2020.108296

关键词

Bud burst; chilling requirement; climatic variation; endodormancy; flowering; leafout; subtropical trees; tree phenology

资金

  1. Chinese National Natural Science Foundation [31800579, 31570616]
  2. National Forestry and Grassland Technological Innovation Program for Young TopNotch Talents [2020132604]
  3. Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China [LQ18C160001]
  4. Scientific Research Foundation of Zhejiang AF University [2034020133]
  5. Key Research Program of Zhejiang Province [2018C02004]
  6. Major Project for Agricultural Breeding of Zhejiang Province [2016C02052-12]

向作者/读者索取更多资源

The study revealed that subtropical tree species also exhibit endodormancy and a chilling requirement, with temperatures as high as +15 degrees C being effective for endodormancy release. Additionally, an experimental upper threshold of +10.4 degrees C was established for boreal Betula pubescens. The findings supported a novel hypothesis that the range of temperatures effective in endodormancy release corresponds to typical autumn air temperatures in the respective climatic conditions.
Spring phenology is a key phenomenon mediating the effects of climate change on terrestrial plants and ecosystems, but in regard to subtropical trees, the dormancy mechanisms that regulate spring phenology are still poorly understood. It has been suggested recently that similarly to temperate and boreal trees, subtropical tree species also show endodormancy and a chilling requirement of endodormancy release. However, there are no previous experimental results on the chilling temperature range that is effective for endodormancy release in subtropical trees. We studied endodormancy and the chilling requirement in four subtropical tree species experimentally. In addition to chilling in natural conditions, we applied controlled chilling at several constant temperatures ranging from -2 to +15 degrees C. Our results show endodormancy and a chilling requirement in the tree species studied and reveal several differences among the four species in the manifestation and depth of endodormancy. Most importantly, our findings indicate that contrary to the prevailing mainline conception that chilling temperatures are generally restricted to those below +10 degrees C, higher temperatures of up to +15 degrees C are also effective for endodormancy release in the subtropical tree species examined. An exact upper threshold of +10.4 degrees C has been experimentally established for boreal Betula pubescens. We hypothesized that this difference would be explained by differences in the occurrence of low autumn temperatures between the two respective climates. We developed a method for testing the hypothesis by analysing long-term climatic records in relation to the experimental findings. Tentative results supported our hypothesis. On the basis of this novel result, we put forward the testable generalized hypothesis that in any climatic conditions where trees show endodormancy, the range of temperatures physiologically effective in endodormancy release represents the range of typical autumn air temperatures occurring in those particular climatic conditions.

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