期刊
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
卷 31, 期 14, 页码 -出版社
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202009103
关键词
activation energy; crystallization kinetics; in situ characterization; perovskite solar cells; X-ray diffraction
类别
资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51973110, 21734009, 21905102, 61805138]
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences [BNLMS201902]
- Center of Hydrogen Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
- DOE, Office of Science
- DOE, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
- US Office of Naval Research [N00014-17-1-2244]
The study reveals that additives can improve the crystallinity of perovskite thin films and reduce defect density, leading to enhanced efficiency and stability of solar cells.
Additive processing is proven to be an effective method to improve the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells; however, its intrinsic role in directing the crystallization pathway and thus morphology formation remains unknown. In situ grazing-incidence wide-angle x-ray scattering (GIWAXS) is applied to study the function of a 1,8-diiodooctane (DIO) additive in manipulating the crystallization behavior of perovskite thin films. It is seen that the DIO additive could induce multi-stage intermediate crystallization phases and increases the activation energy for nucleation and growth, which postpones the perovskite phase transformation time and broadens the transition zone. The elongated crystallization process affords improved perovskite thin film crystallinity and reduces defect density, which enables a longer carrier diffusion length. As a result, improved device efficiency, moisture, and thermal stability can be achieved. The current study provides a new prospective in understanding the additive function in perovskite thin film morphology control from fundamental parameters, indicating the importance of minor processing conditions in global property management toward high device performance.
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