期刊
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
卷 13, 期 5, 页码 6795-6804出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c19173
关键词
nano-multilayer; residual stress; thermal diffusion; GISAXS; copper/tungsten
资金
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) [EP/682 P005381/1, EP/S005072/1]
- EPSRC [EP/P005381/1, EP/S005072/1] Funding Source: UKRI
The study found that Cu/W nano-multilayers deposited with ion beam deposition exhibit low thermal stability at moderate temperatures due to pronounced in-plane compressive residual stress and defect population. A model was formulated to explain stress-assisted Cu diffusion driven by Coble creep along W grain boundaries, as observed in experimental data, providing insight into the correlation between thin film deposition conditions, microstructural properties, and thermal stability for other multilayer systems.
The thermal stability of Cu/W nano-multilayers deposited on a Si substrate using ion beam deposition was analyzed in situ by GISAXS and transmission EDX-a combination of methods permitting the observation of diffusion processes within buried layers. Further supporting techniques such as XRR, TEM, WAXS, and AFM were employed to develop an extensive microstructural understanding of the multilayer before and during heating. It was found that the pronounced in-plane compressive residual stress and defect population induced by ion beam deposition result in low thermal stability driven by thermally activated self-interstitial and vacancy diffusion, ultimately leading to complete degradation of the layered structure at moderate temperatures. The formation of Cu protrusions was observed, and a model was formulated for stress-assisted Cu diffusion driven by Coble creep along W grain boundaries, along with the interaction with Si substrate, which showed excellent agreement with the observed experimental data. The model provided the explanation for the experimentally observed strong correlation between thin film deposition conditions, microstructural properties, and low thermal stability that can be applied to other multilayer systems.
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