期刊
ANNUAL REVIEW OF CANCER BIOLOGY, VOL 5, 2021
卷 5, 期 -, 页码 161-179出版社
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-cancerbio-060820-090737
关键词
DNA damage repair; chemotherapy; cancer; aging; dietary restriction; fasting
类别
资金
- European Research Council
- ONCODE (Dutch Cancer Society)
- NIH [PO1 AG017242]
- ADPS Longevity Research Award
- Memorabel and ChemBridge (ZonMw)
- BBoL (NWO-ENW)
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [SFB 829]
Dietary restriction is an effective nutritional intervention that can extend lifespan, preserve health, and reduce DNA damage. DNA damage is a major cause of aging and cancer, and nutritional preconditioning in cancer treatment shows potential in reducing treatment side effects.
Dietary restriction (DR) is the most successful nutritional intervention for extending lifespan and preserving health in numerous species. Reducing food intake triggers a protective response that shifts energy resources from growth to maintenance and resilience mechanisms. This so-called survival response has been shown to particularly increase life- and health span and decrease DNA damage in DNA repair-deficient mice exhibiting accelerated aging. Accumulation of DNA damage is the main cause of aging, but also of cancer. Moreover, radiotherapies and most chemotherapies are based on damaging DNA, consistent with their ability to induce toxicity and accelerate aging. Since fasting and DR decrease DNA damage and its effects, nutritional preconditioning holds promise for improving (cancer) therapy and preventing short- and long-term side effects of anticancer treatments. This review provides an overview of the link between aging and cancer, highlights important preclinical studies applying such nutritional preconditioning, and summarizes the first clinical trials implementing nutritional preconditioning in cancer treatment.
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