期刊
FOODS
卷 9, 期 12, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/foods9121744
关键词
patulin; apple; grapes; fruit products; occurrence; risk
资金
- Higher Education Commission of Pakistan [TDF03-198]
- Government of Aragon-Spain [Grupo A06-20R]
- European Regional Development Fund (FEDER 2014-2020)
The prime objective of the current study was to investigate the occurrence of mycotoxin patulin (PAT) in apples, grapes and their value added products. PAT was determined by a validated method based on HPLC with UV detector. A total of 381 samples comprising apple and grape fruits (n = 133 each), apple-based products (n = 76, juice, puree, jam) and grape juice (n = 39) were analyzed. PAT was found in 58.9% samples of apple and apple-based products, with a mean of 49.8 mu g/kg (maximum 396 mu g/kg), while 27.3% samples contained PAT beyond the maximum regulatory limit of 50 mu g/kg. The average levels of PAT contamination in apple-derived products was higher in apple juice concentrate, followed by apple puree, apple juice and apple jam. The incidence of PAT in table grapes was 65.1%, with a mean of 53.9 mu g/kg (maximum 505 mu g/kg), whereas 23.8% exceeded the maximum level. Among the fruit samples, there were differences in PAT contents due to apple variety (6 types) or grape variety (8 types), as well as for sampling location. Our investigations showed the wide PAT occurrence in fruits and derived value-added products affecting consumer product safety, so that the population is chronically exposed to this toxin.
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