期刊
JMIR MEDICAL INFORMATICS
卷 9, 期 1, 页码 -出版社
JMIR PUBLICATIONS, INC
DOI: 10.2196/24207
关键词
federated learning; COVID-19; machine learning; electronic health records
资金
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health [U54 TR001433-05]
This study aimed to predict mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients within 7 days using federated learning technique. The results showed that the models trained with federated learning outperformed those trained with local data at multiple hospitals.
Background: Machine learning models require large datasets that may be siloed across different health care institutions. Machine learning studies that focus on COVID-19 have been limited to single-hospital data, which limits model generalizability. Objective: We aimed to use federated learning, a machine learning technique that avoids locally aggregating raw clinical data across multiple institutions, to predict mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 within 7 days. Methods: Patient data were collected from the electronic health records of 5 hospitals within the Mount Sinai Health System. Logistic regression with L1 regularization/least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and multilayer perceptron (MLP) models were trained by using local data at each site. We developed a pooled model with combined data from all 5 sites, and a federated model that only shared parameters with a central aggregator. Results: The LASSO(federated) model outperformed the LASSO(local) model at 3 hospitals, and the MLPfederated model performed better than the MLPlocal model at all 5 hospitals, as determined by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. The LASSO(pooled) model outperformed the LASSO federated model at all hospitals, and the MLPfederated model outperformed the MLP(pooled)( )model at 2 hospitals. Conclusions: The federated learning of COVID-19 electronic health record data shows promise in developing robust predictive models without compromising patient privacy.
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