4.5 Article

Phase 1/2 study of alectinib in RET-rearranged previously-treated non-small cell lung cancer (ALL-RET)

期刊

TRANSLATIONAL LUNG CANCER RESEARCH
卷 10, 期 1, 页码 -

出版社

AME PUBL CO
DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-20-549

关键词

Rearranged during transfection (RET); RET rearrangement; lung cancer; alectinib; clinical trial; precision medicine

资金

  1. Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, AMED [15Ack0106147h0001, 18ck0106423h0001]
  2. Kanazawa University Hospital

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The study suggests limited activity of alectinib against RET-rearranged NSCLC, with an objective response rate of 4% and a median progression-free survival of 3.4 months. Further research is needed to improve outcomes for these patients.
Background: Rearranged during transfection (RE7) rearrangements occur in 1-2% of non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs). Alectinib administered at doses of 300 mg and 600 mg twice daily (BID) is approved for ALK-rearranged NSCLC in Japan and other countries, respectively. Since alectinib has activity against RET, we conducted a phase (P) 1/2 study of alectinib to determine its activity in Japanese patients with RET-rearranged NSCLC. Methods: This study was a single-arm, open-label, multi-institutional P1/2 trial. Previously treated patients with RET-rearranged NSCLC, screened by nation-wide network (LC-SCRUM-Japan), were recruited. In P1, alectinib (600 or 450 mg BID) was administered following a 3+3 design and its safety was assessed. During P2, alectinib was administered at the recommended dose (RD) determined in P1. The primary endpoint was the objective response rate (ORR) in REV inhibitor-naive patients treated with the RD of alectinib. Results: Thirty-four patients were administered alectinib. In cohort 1 (600 mg BID) of P1, we observed 5 dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs), induding grade 3 rash and thromboembolic event, in 3 of 6 patients. In cohort 2 (450 mg BID), we observed no DLTs in 3 patients. Pharmacokinetic analysis revealed that AUC(0-10) to 600 mg BID was higher than that previously reported in global trials. We determined 450 mg BID as the RD for P2. In 25 RET inhibitor-naive patients, one achieved an objective response (4%) and 13 achieved disease control at 8 weeks (52%). The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 3.4 months (95% CI, 2.0-5.4), while the median overall survival was 19.0 months (5.4-NE). We observed grade 3 adverse events (AEs) (4%) including pneumonitis in P2. Conclusions: Alectinib exerts limited activity against RET-rearranged NSCLC. Further investigation to elucidate the mechanisms underlying sensitivity and resistance of RET inhibitors is required to improve outcomes for these patients.

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