System Architectures in Wearable Electrochemical Sensors

This review is an analysis of system architectures in wearable electrochemical sensors. It presents the academic research output from journal articles, conference proceedings and books from 2006 up to early 2016. The review is structured into three sections that investigate architectures for (i) electrochemical sensors as wearable accessories, (ii) electrochemical sensors integrated into clothing and textiles, and (iii) electrochemical sensors that are applied to the body. The results indicate that novel architectures and materials are in research for sampling, measurement and fabrication of wearable sensors but that novel energy sources and readout techniques are under-utilised. A trend is evident in greater compatibility with mobile products such as Smartphones. The user-centric approach to wearable electrochemical sensor research is producing highly-integrated system architectures. A selection of exemplary wearables from the literature are presented.