The Role of mTOR Inhibitors in Hematologic Disease: From Bench to Bedside

The mTOR pathway plays a central role in many cellular processes, such as cellular growth, protein synthesis, glucose, and lipid metabolism. Aberrant regulation of mTOR is a hallmark of many cancers, including hematological malignancies. mTOR inhibitors, such as Rapamycin and Rapamycin analogs (Rapalogs), have become a promising class of agents to treat malignant blood diseases-either alone or in combination with other treatment regimens. This review highlights experimental evidence underlying the molecular mechanisms of mTOR inhibitors and summarizes their evolving role in the treatment of hematologic disease, including leukemia, lymphoma, myeloma, immune hemocytopenia, and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Based on data presented in this review, we believe that mTOR inhibitors are becoming a trusted therapeutic in the clinical hematologist's toolbelt and should be considered more routinely in combination therapy for the management of hematologic disease.

Automated summary

mTOR inhibitors, such as Rapamycin and Rapamycin analogs, have emerged as a promising class of agents for treating malignant blood diseases. Their evolving role in the management of hematologic disease, including leukemia, lymphoma, myeloma, immune hemocytopenia, and GVHD, is supported by experimental evidence of their molecular mechanisms. These inhibitors are increasingly seen as a trusted therapeutic in the clinical hematologist's toolbelt and should be considered more routinely in combination therapy.