Postoperative Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma-An Unrecognized Prognostic Factor

Objective Although the treatment of glioblastoma patients is well established in neuro-oncological surgery, precious scarce data is available on patients with glioblastoma requiring postoperative prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV). Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine the influence of PMV on overall survival (OS) in patients with glioblastoma. Methods Patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma who had undergone surgical therapy and complete subsequent neuro-oncological treatment at the authors' neuro-oncological center from January 2013 to December 2018 were selected and included in the further analysis. PMV was defined as mechanical ventilation for more than 24 h after surgery. Survival analyses were performed, including established prognostic factors such as age, Karnofsky performance score, MGMT-promoter methylation status and extent of resection. Results A total of 240 patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma and subsequent surgical treatment were identified. 13 patients (5%) suffered from PMV during the treatment course of glioblastoma. All but one patient were successfully weaned from mechanical ventilation. Patients suffering from PMV achieved significantly less often favorable functional outcome after 3, 6, 9, and 12 months compared to patients without PMV. Multivariate analysis revealed PMV to constitute a significant prognostic factor for OS, independent of other prognostic factors (p<0.0001, OR 6.7, 95% CI 3.2-13.8). Conclusions The present study identifies PMV as significantly associated with impaired functional outcome and poor OS in patients suffering from newly diagnosed glioblastoma. These findings encourage further efforts to investigate/assess this prognostic factor in future studies.