Evolution of blood-brain barrier in brain diseases and related systemic nanoscale brain-targeting drug delivery strategies

Blood-brain barrier (BBB) strictly controls matter exchange between blood and brain, and severely limits brain penetration of systemically administered drugs, resulting in ineffective drug therapy of brain diseases. However, during the onset and progression of brain diseases, BBB alterations evolve inevitably. In this review, we focus on nanoscale brain-targeting drug delivery strategies designed based on BBB evolutions and related applications in various brain diseases including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, stroke, traumatic brain injury and brain tumor. The advances on optimization of small molecules for BBB crossing and non-systemic administration routes (e.g., intranasal treatment) for BBB bypassing are not included in this review.

Automated summary

This review focuses on nanoscale brain-targeting drug delivery strategies designed based on blood-brain barrier (BBB) alterations and their applications in various brain diseases. However, advances on optimization of small molecules for BBB crossing and non-systemic administration routes such as intranasal treatment are not included in this review.