Synthetic Routes to Bioactive Bipyrazole Derivatives

The synthetic routes to six differently connected bipyrazole systems 1,1 '-, 1,3 '- and 1,4 '-, 3,3 '-, 3,4 '- and 4,4 '-bipyrazoles are thoroughly reported. Two main synthetic platforms are outlined; i) cyclocondensation reactions of tetraketones or pyrazoles having difunctional moieties with hydrazines, or pyrazolyl-hydrazines with difunctional substrates, ii) 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of nitrilimines with bis-olefines, or bis-nitrilimines with activated alkenes and alkynes. Many of the reported bipyrazoles have potent applications; in pharmaceutical and material science areas.

Automated summary

This article thoroughly reports the synthetic routes to six differently connected bipyrazole systems, with a focus on cyclocondensation reactions and 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions. Many of these bipyrazoles have potential applications in pharmaceutical and material science fields.