On-Chip Error-Triggered Learning of Multi-Layer Memristive Spiking Neural Networks

Recent breakthroughs in neuromorphic computing show that local forms of gradient descent learning are compatible with Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) and synaptic plasticity. Although SNNs can be scalably implemented using neuromorphic VLSI, an architecture that can learn using gradient-descent in situ is still missing. In this paper, we propose a local, gradient-based, error-triggered learning algorithm with online ternary weight updates. The proposed algorithm enables online training of multi-layer SNNs with memristive neuromorphic hardware showing a small loss in the performance compared with the state-of-the-art. We also propose a hardware architecture based on memristive crossbar arrays to perform the required vector-matrix multiplications. The necessary peripheral circuitry including presynaptic, post-synaptic and write circuits required for online training, have been designed in the subthreshold regime for power saving with a standard 180 nm CMOS process.