期刊
MICROMACHINES
卷 12, 期 2, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/mi12020124
关键词
3D neuronal cultures; tissue engineering; brain-on-chip; brain organoid; neural spheroid; biomimetic tissue; in vitro electrophysiology; MEMS; microfluidics; biohybrid
类别
资金
- European Union under the Horizon 2020 FET-PROACT(RIA) scheme, project title Hybrid Enhanced Regenerative Medicine Systems-HERMES [824164]
- Horizon 2020 MSCA-IF-2018 scheme, project title Stretchable mesh-electrodes interfacing human iPSC brain organoids-STRELECOID [846567]
Brain-on-Chip (BoC) biotechnology combines lab-on-chip and cell biology to replicate brain structures more faithfully in vitro, with a focus on studying brain activity in health and disease through electrophysiology techniques. However, the availability of BoC-electrophysiology platforms is currently limited as the technology is still in its early stages.
Brain-on-Chip (BoC) biotechnology is emerging as a promising tool for biomedical and pharmaceutical research applied to the neurosciences. At the convergence between lab-on-chip and cell biology, BoC couples in vitro three-dimensional brain-like systems to an engineered microfluidics platform designed to provide an in vivo-like extrinsic microenvironment with the aim of replicating tissue- or organ-level physiological functions. BoC therefore offers the advantage of an in vitro reproduction of brain structures that is more faithful to the native correlate than what is obtained with conventional cell culture techniques. As brain function ultimately results in the generation of electrical signals, electrophysiology techniques are paramount for studying brain activity in health and disease. However, as BoC is still in its infancy, the availability of combined BoC-electrophysiology platforms is still limited. Here, we summarize the available biological substrates for BoC, starting with a historical perspective. We then describe the available tools enabling BoC electrophysiology studies, detailing their fabrication process and technical features, along with their advantages and limitations. We discuss the current and future applications of BoC electrophysiology, also expanding to complementary approaches. We conclude with an evaluation of the potential translational applications and prospective technology developments.
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