A Plastic Scintillator Based on an Efficient Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitter 9-(4-(4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-2-methylphenyl)-3,6-dioctyl-9H-carbazole for Pulse Shape Discrimination Measurement

Pulse shape discrimination (PSD)-capable plastic scintillator is in demand for the detection of high-energy neutrons in the presence of gamma radiation background. Conventional PSD plastics are based on delayed fluorescent dye via triplet-triplet annihilation of a fluorescent dye additive, which is inefficient to harvest the energy of triplet excitons. In recent years, thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters have gained substantial success in organic light-emitting diodes due to their efficient utilization of the energy of triplet excitons and thereby achieving theoretical unity internal quantum efficiencies. Herein, a highly efficient TADF dye 9-(4-(4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-2-methylphenyl)-3,6-dioctyl-9H-carbazole is reported for the PSD application. This TADF dye may be loaded up to 30 wt% in polyvinyltoluene matrix and still retains high optical transparency. High scintillation light yield and PSD figures of merit are obtained from the TADF plastic. With the introduction of a secondary dye to further increase the utilization efficiency of the excitation energy, the light yield is increased to 6948 photons MeV-1. The measured alpha/gamma PSD figure of merit is 1.12 at the energy threshold of 100 keVee and neutron/gamma PSD figure of merit is 1.32 at the threshold of 1000 keVee.

Automated summary

A highly efficient TADF dye was reported for PSD applications, which can achieve high scintillation light yield and PSD figures of merit in plastic scintillators. Introducing a secondary dye further increased the efficiency of excitation energy utilization in achieving high light yield.