期刊
PLOS PATHOGENS
卷 17, 期 1, 页码 -出版社
PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009231
关键词
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资金
- NIH [R01 CA186775, R01 CA117830, PO1 CA174439]
- NCI Cancer Center Core Grant [P30 CA0101815-50]
KSHV genomes associate with LANA to form stable nuclear bodies during latent infection. LANA-NB formation and KSHV genome conformation involves liquid-liquid phase separation. Disruption of LLPS alters the LANA-dependent KSHV chromosome conformation but does not induce lytic reactivation, indicating dynamic super-molecular nuclear structures of LANA-NBs during different modes of viral replication.
Author summary During latent infection, gamma-herpesvirus genomes are maintained as extrachromosomal circular DNA, referred to as episomes, by dedicated viral-encoded episome maintenance proteins. KSHV-encoded LANA maintains viral episomes through binding as an oligomeric protein to repetitive DNA elements in the viral terminal repeats (TRs). Viral episomes can be visualized as LANA-associated nuclear bodies (LANA-NBs). Here, we show that LANA-NBs utilize mechanisms of self-assembly through liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) to build dynamic structures that change during cell cycle and viral life cycle. We find that DAXX is a component of the latent phase LANA-NBs, but is evicted during the transition to lytic replication where LANA remains associated with KSHV DNA to form a ring-like replication compartment. Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) can drive formation of diverse and essential macromolecular structures, including those specified by viruses. Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus (KSHV) genomes associate with the viral encoded Latency-Associated Nuclear Antigen (LANA) to form stable nuclear bodies (NBs) during latent infection. Here, we show that LANA-NB formation and KSHV genome conformation involves LLPS. Using LLPS disrupting solvents, we show that LANA-NBs are partially disrupted, while DAXX and PML foci are highly resistant. LLPS disruption altered the LANA-dependent KSHV chromosome conformation but did not stimulate lytic reactivation. We found that LANA-NBs undergo major morphological transformation during KSHV lytic reactivation to form LANA-associated replication compartments encompassing KSHV DNA. DAXX colocalizes with the LANA-NBs during latency but is evicted from the LANA-associated lytic replication compartments. These findings indicate the LANA-NBs are dynamic super-molecular nuclear structures that partly depend on LLPS and undergo morphological transitions corresponding the different modes of viral replication.
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