期刊
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
卷 11, 期 1, 页码 -出版社
NATURE RESEARCH
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80148-w
关键词
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资金
- European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Grant [798117]
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [353106138]
- Ministerium fur Wissenschaft, Forschung und Kunst Baden-Wurttemberg
- British Academy
- Marie Curie Actions (MSCA) [798117] Funding Source: Marie Curie Actions (MSCA)
Early life stress can disrupt tooth growth, leading to horizontal grooves on tooth surface, with different species showing variations in defect depth. Neanderthals, despite having faster growth, exhibit shallower defects compared to Upper Paleolithic, Neolithic, and medieval era Homo sapiens, but when scaled by perikymata depth, Neolithic humans have less severe defects.
Early life stress disrupts growth and creates horizontal grooves on the tooth surface in humans and other mammals, yet there is no consensus for their quantitative analysis. Linear defects are considered to be nonspecific stress indicators, but evidence suggests that intermittent, severe stressors create deeper defects than chronic, low-level stressors. However, species-specific growth patterns also influence defect morphology, with faster-growing teeth having shallower defects at the population level. Here we describe a method to measure the depth of linear enamel defects and normal growth increments (i.e., perikymata) from high-resolution 3D topographies using confocal profilometry and apply it to a diverse sample of Homo neanderthalensis and H. sapiens anterior teeth. Debate surrounds whether Neanderthals exhibited modern human-like growth patterns in their teeth and other systems, with some researchers suggesting that they experienced more severe childhood stress. Our results suggest that Neanderthals have shallower features than H. sapiens from the Upper Paleolithic, Neolithic, and medieval eras, mirroring the faster growth rates in Neanderthal anterior teeth. However, when defect depth is scaled by perikymata depth to assess their severity, Neolithic humans have less severe defects, while Neanderthals and the other H. sapiens groups show evidence of more severe early life growth disruptions.
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