Tensile and Shear Testing of Basalt Fiber Reinforced Polymer (BFRP) and Hybrid Basalt/Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (HFRP) Bars

The use of sustainable materials is a challenging issue for the construction industry; thus, Fiber Reinforced Polymers (FRP) is of interest to civil and structural engineers for their lightweight and high-strength properties. The paper describes the results of tensile and shear strength testing of Basalt FRP (BFRP) and Hybrid FRP (HFRP) bars. The combination of carbon fibers and basalt fibers leads to a more cost-efficient alternative to Carbon FRP (CFRP) and a more sustainable alternative to BFRP. The bars were subjected to both tensile and shear strength testing in order to investigate their structural behavior and find a correlation between the results. The results of the tests done on BFRP and HFRP bars showed that the mechanical properties of BFRP bars were lower than for HFRP bars. The maximum tensile strength obtained for a BFRP bar with a diameter of 10 mm was equal to approximately 1150 MPa, whereas for HFRP bars with a diameter of 8 mm, it was higher, approximately 1280 MPa. Additionally, better results were obtained for HFRP bars during shear testing; the average maximum shear stress was equal to 214 MPa, which was approximately 22% higher than the average maximum shear stress obtained for BFRP bars. However, HFRP bars exhibited the lowest shear strain of 57% that of BFRP bars. This confirms the effectiveness of using HFRP bars as a replacement for less rigid BFRP bars. It is worth mentioning that after obtaining these results, shear testing can be performed instead of tensile testing for future studies, which is less complicated and takes less time to prepare than tensile testing.