期刊
ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
卷 11, 期 8, 页码 -出版社
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/aenm.202003506
关键词
ductility; elastic modulus; film morphology; nonfullerene acceptors; ternary organic solar cells
类别
资金
- National Science Foundation of China [52073207]
- Peiyang Scholar Program of Tianjin University
- Office of Naval Research (ONR) [N000141712204, N000142012155]
- NSF CAREER grant [1554322]
- Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
- U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) [N000142012155] Funding Source: U.S. Department of Defense (DOD)
Ternary solar cells with both fullerene and nonfullerene acceptors have shown rapid efficiency improvement. Incorporating 20% by weight of PC71BM into the PM6:N3 blend can yield the best device efficiency and ductility. The elastic modulus of ternary blends can be accurately predicted using an extended Halpin-Tsai model, offering potential for various electronic applications.
Ternary solar cells comprising both fullerene and nonfullerene acceptors have shown a rapid increase in power conversion efficiency, which holds promise in commercial applications. Despite the rapid progress, there is still a lack of fundamental understanding of the relations between microstructure and (photovoltaic/mechanical) properties in these ternary blend systems. In this work, the dependence of molecular packing, phase separation, mechanical properties, and photovoltaic performance on acceptor composition of a recently certificated ternary system is thoroughly investigated by combined scattering and microscopy characterizations. It is demonstrated that incorporating a small amount (20% by weight) PC71BM to the PM6:N3 binary blend can afford the best device efficiency and the highest ductility simultaneously. This maximum performance is due to the optimized molecular order, orientational texture, and phase separation. Additionally, increasing the amount of PC71BM results in higher elastic modulus, as probed by two distinct methods. A more crucial observation is that the elastic modulus of ternary blends can be well captured by an extended Halpin-Tsai model. This finding is expected to enable the prediction of the elastic modulus of various kinds of ternary blends that are widely used in solar cells and other electronics.
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