期刊
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
卷 12, 期 1, 页码 -出版社
NATURE PORTFOLIO
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20437-0
关键词
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资金
- Electric Power Research Institute through the Deep Decarbonization Initiative at UC San Diego
Governments may face challenges in implementing costly policies, leading to a greater need for negative emissions. Researchers model a wartime-like deployment of direct air capture as a policy response to the climate crisis, showing potential for massive CO2 removal of up to 570-840 GtCO(2).
Though highly motivated to slow the climate crisis, governments may struggle to impose costly polices on entrenched interest groups, resulting in a greater need for negative emissions. Here, we model wartime-like crash deployment of direct air capture (DAC) as a policy response to the climate crisis, calculating funding, net CO2 removal, and climate impacts. An emergency DAC program, with investment of 1.2-1.9% of global GDP annually, removes 2.2-2.3 GtCO(2) yr(-1) in 2050, 13-20 GtCO(2) yr(-1) in 2075, and 570-840 GtCO(2) cumulatively over 2025-2100. Compared to a future in which policy efforts to control emissions follow current trends (SSP2-4.5), DAC substantially hastens the onset of net-zero CO2 emissions (to 2085-2095) and peak warming (to 2090-2095); yet warming still reaches 2.4-2.5 degrees C in 2100. Such massive CO2 removals hinge on near-term investment to boost the future capacity for upscaling. DAC is most cost-effective when using electricity sources already available today: hydropower and natural gas with renewables; fully renewable systems are more expensive because their low load factors do not allow efficient amortization of capital-intensive DAC plants. Governments may struggle to impose costly polices on vital industries, resulting in a greater need for negative emissions. Here, the authors model a direct air capture crash deployment program, finding it can remove 2.3 GtCO(2) yr(-1) in 2050, 13-20 GtCO(2) yr(-1) in 2075, and 570-840 GtCO(2) cumulative over 2025-2100.
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