Diplura in caves: diversity, ecology, evolution and biogeography

Diplurans (Hexapoda) are considered the 'ideal cavernicolous animal' having one of the highest ratios of cave-adapted vs. non-cave-adapted species. They are successful colonizers of subterranean habitats, thriving in all cryptic, dark, terrestrial environments. Diplurans play an important role in the decomposition of organic matter below the ground and are sensitive to anthropogenic pressures. We present the first comprehensive review about cave Diplura diversity, ecology, evolution, distribution and biogeography. We provide a roadmap for research questions regarding the ecology, aimed at stimulating the pursuit of new studies on this fascinating group. Filling these current knowledge gaps will contribute to conservation efforts for cave ecosystems.

Automated summary

Diplurans are considered an exceptional group of animals adapted to cave environments, playing a crucial role in organic matter decomposition underground and being sensitive to human impacts. Comprehensive research is needed to fill knowledge gaps and aid in the conservation of cave ecosystems.