Nrf2: The Master and Captain of Beta Cell Fate

Prolonged hyperglycemia is toxic to pancreatic beta cells, generating excessive reactive oxygen species, defective glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, decreased insulin production, and eventually beta cell death and diabetes. Nrf2 is a master regulator of cellular responses to counteract dangerous levels of oxidative stress. Maintenance of beta cell mass depends on Nrf2 to promote the survival, function, and proliferation of beta cells. Indeed, Nrf2 activation decreases inflammation, increases insulin sensitivity, reduces body weight, and preserves beta cell mass. Therefore, numerous pharmacological activators of Nrf2 are being tested in clinical trials for the treatment of diabetes and diabetic complications. Modulating Nrf2 activity in beta cells is a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of diabetes.

Automated summary

Prolonged hyperglycemia is harmful to pancreatic beta cells, and Nrf2 plays a crucial role in protecting these cells from oxidative stress. Modulating Nrf2 activity is a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of diabetes.