Ultrasound imaging for assessing functions of the GI tract

Objective. In the following review we outline how ultrasound can be used to measure physiological processes in the gastrointestinal tract. Approach. We have investigated the potential of ultrasound in assessing gastrointestinal physiology including original research regarding both basic methodology and clinical applications. Main results. Our main findings show the use of ultrasound to study esophageal motility, measure volume and contractility of the stomach, assess motility, wall thickness, and perfusion of the small bowel, and evaluate wall vascularization and diameters of the large bowel. Significance. Ultrasound is a widely accessible technology that can be used for both scientific and clinical purposes. Being radiation-free and user friendly, the examination can be frequently repeated enabling longitudinal studies. Furthermore, it does not influence normal GI physiology, thus being useful to estimate motility and subtle changes in physiology. Accordingly, ultrasound scanning and physiological measurements may make a big difference for the scientist and the doctor; and for the patients who receive an efficient work-up.

Automated summary

Using ultrasound to measure physiological processes in the gastrointestinal tract has shown great potential in both scientific research and clinical applications. The technology is widely accessible, radiation-free and user friendly, making it suitable for repeated examinations and longitudinal studies. Ultrasound does not influence normal GI physiology, thus being useful for estimating motility and subtle changes in physiology, making a big difference for scientists, doctors, and patients.