期刊
DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE
卷 167, 期 -, 页码 8-14出版社
ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.08.002
关键词
Selective attention; Reward learning; Addiction; Drug cues; Incentive salience
资金
- NIH [R01-DA013165]
Background: The phenotype of addiction includes prominent attentional biases for drug cues, which play a role in motivating drug-seeking behavior and contribute to relapse. In a separate line of research, arbitrary stimuli have been shown to automatically capture attention when previously associated with reward in non-clinical samples. Methods and results: Here, I argue that these two attentional biases reflect the same cognitive process. I outline five characteristics that exemplify attentional biases for drug cues: resistant to conflicting goals, robust to extinction, linked to dorsal striatal dopamine and to biases in approach behavior, and can distinguish between individuals with and without a history of drug dependence. I then go on to describe how attentional biases for arbitrary reward-associated stimuli share all of these features, and conclude by arguing that the attentional components of addiction reflect a normal cognitive process that promotes reward-seeking behavior. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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