Targeting metastatic cancer

Increased understanding of the biology of metastases allows improved targeting and outcomes for patients with both micro- and macrometastases. Despite recent therapeutic advances in cancer treatment, metastasis remains the principal cause of cancer death. Recent work has uncovered the unique biology of metastasis-initiating cells that results in tumor growth in distant organs, evasion of immune surveillance and co-option of metastatic microenvironments. Here we review recent progress that is enabling therapeutic advances in treating both micro- and macrometastases. Such insights were gained from cancer sequencing, mechanistic studies and clinical trials, including of immunotherapy. These studies reveal both the origins and nature of metastases and identify new opportunities for developing more effective strategies to target metastatic relapse and improve patient outcomes.

Automated summary

Improved understanding of metastases biology has led to advancements in targeting and treating both micro- and macrometastases. Recent studies have identified the unique biology of metastasis-initiating cells, providing new opportunities for developing more effective treatment strategies through cancer sequencing, mechanistic studies, and clinical trials. These insights offer potential for better outcomes in targeting metastatic relapse and improving patient survival.