期刊
NATURE MEDICINE
卷 27, 期 2, 页码 270-+出版社
NATURE PORTFOLIO
DOI: 10.1038/s41591-020-01194-5
关键词
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资金
- UK Research and Innovation [MC_PC_19055]
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/R013756/1]
- Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI)
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR)
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre
- Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior, Brazil [001]
- U.S. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Centers of Excellence for Influenza Research and Surveillance [HHSN272201400008C]
- Huo Family Foundation
- Medical Sciences Division
- Versus Arthritis [21509]
- Wellcome MSD ISSF [BRD00010]
- Kennedy Trust for Rheumatology Research
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Science, China [2018-I2M-2-002]
- Nuffield Department of Medicine
- Department of Paediatrics
- Oxford Immunology Network COVID Consortium, Clinical Trials Research Governance
- Public Affairs Directorate
- Clinical Biomanufacturing Facility
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
- Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust
- AstraZeneca
- EPSRC [EP/R013756/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- MRC [G0600520, MC_PC_19058, G1001046, MR/T001151/1, MC_UU_00008/11, MC_PC_19055, MR/L018942/1] Funding Source: UKRI
A single dose of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine can induce favorable immune responses that may help control or prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection.
A single dose of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine elicits antibodies and cytokine-producing T cells that might help control or prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), has caused a global pandemic, and safe, effective vaccines are urgently needed(1). Strong, Th1-skewed T cell responses can drive protective humoral and cell-mediated immune responses(2) and might reduce the potential for disease enhancement(3). Cytotoxic T cells clear virus-infected host cells and contribute to control of infection(4). Studies of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 have suggested a protective role for both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses in recovery from COVID-19 (refs. (5,6)). ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) is a candidate SARS-CoV-2 vaccine comprising a replication-deficient simian adenovirus expressing full-length SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. We recently reported preliminary safety and immunogenicity data from a phase 1/2 trial of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (NCT04400838)(7) given as either a one- or two-dose regimen. The vaccine was tolerated, with induction of neutralizing antibodies and antigen-specific T cells against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Here we describe, in detail, exploratory analyses of the immune responses in adults, aged 18-55 years, up to 8 weeks after vaccination with a single dose of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 in this trial, demonstrating an induction of a Th1-biased response characterized by interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha cytokine secretion by CD4(+) T cells and antibody production predominantly of IgG1 and IgG3 subclasses. CD8(+) T cells, of monofunctional, polyfunctional and cytotoxic phenotypes, were also induced. Taken together, these results suggest a favorable immune profile induced by ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine, supporting the progression of this vaccine candidate to ongoing phase 2/3 trials to assess vaccine efficacy.
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