Isolation of Acetylated and Unmodified Protein N-Terminal Peptides by Strong Cation Exchange Chromatographic Separation of TrypN-Digested Peptides

We developed a simple and rapid method to enrich protein N-terminal peptides, in which the protease TrypN is first employed to generate protein N-terminal peptides without Lys or Arg and internal peptides with two positive charges at their N termini, and then, the N-terminal peptides with or without N-acetylation are separated from the internal peptides by strong cation exchange chromatography according to a retention model based on the charge/orientation of peptides. This approach was applied to 20 mu g of human HEK293T cell lysate proteins to profile the N-terminal proteome. On average, 1550 acetylated and 200 unmodified protein N-terminal peptides were successfully identified in a single LC/MS/MS run with less than 3% contamination with internal peptides, even when we accepted only canonical protein N termini registered in the Swiss-Prot database. Because this method involves only two steps, protein digestion and chromatographic separation, without the need for tedious chemical reactions, it should be useful for comprehensive profiling of protein N termini, including proteoforms with neo-N termini.

Automated summary

The method developed allows for rapid enrichment of protein N-terminal peptides by utilizing TrypN protease and strong cation exchange chromatography. It successfully identified acetylated and unmodified protein N-terminal peptides with minimal contamination in a single LC/MS/MS run, making it a promising tool for comprehensive profiling of protein N-termini.