期刊
MARINE DRUGS
卷 19, 期 2, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/md19020047
关键词
flatworms; Polycladida; tetrodotoxin; staurosporine; chemical ecology
资金
- Linnean Society of NSW, under the Joyce W Vickery Scientific Research Fund, 2020
- Macquarie University
Marine invertebrates, such as flatworms of the order Polycladida, have potential as sources of novel bioactive secondary metabolites, with recent studies isolating neurotoxins from these mesopredators. However, limited research has been conducted on these animals, and further study is recommended due to their aposematic coloration and prey preferences.
Marine invertebrates are promising sources of novel bioactive secondary metabolites, and organisms like sponges, ascidians and nudibranchs are characterised by possessing potent defensive chemicals. Animals that possess chemical defences often advertise this fact with aposematic colouration that potential predators learn to avoid. One seemingly defenceless group that can present bright colouration patterns are flatworms of the order Polycladida. Although members of this group have typically been overlooked due to their solitary and benthic nature, recent studies have isolated the neurotoxin tetrodotoxin from these mesopredators. This review considers the potential of polyclads as potential sources of natural products and reviews what is known of the activity of the molecules found in these animals. Considering the ecology and diversity of polyclads, only a small number of species from both suborders of Polycladida, Acotylea and Cotylea have been investigated for natural products. As such, confirming assumptions as to which species are in any sense toxic or if the compounds they use are biosynthesised, accumulated from food or the product of symbiotic bacteria is difficult. However, further research into the group is suggested as these animals often display aposematic colouration and are known to prey on invertebrates rich in bioactive secondary metabolites.
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