Voltage-dependent calcium channel β subunit-derived peptides reduce excitatory neurotransmission and arterial blood pressure

Aims: Voltage-dependent calcium channels (VDCCs) play an important role in various physiological functions in the nervous system and the cardiovascular system. In L-, N-, P/Q-, and R-type VDCCs, beta subunit assists the channels for membrane targeting and modulates channel properties. In this study, we investigated whether an inhibition of the beta subunit binding to a subunit, the pore-forming main subunit of VDCCs, have any effect on channel activation and physiological functions. Main methods: Peptides derived from the specific regions of beta subunit that bind to the a-interaction domain in I-II linker of a subunit were manufactured, presuming that the peptides interrupt alpha-beta subunit interaction in the channel complex. Then, they were tested on voltage-activated Ca2+ currents recorded in acutely isolated trigeminal ganglion (TG) neurons, excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) in the spinal dorsal horn neurons, and arterial blood pressure (BP) recorded from the rat femoral artery. Key findings: When applied internally through patch pipettes, the peptides decreased the peak amplitudes of the voltage-activated Ca2+ currents. After fusing with HIV transactivator of transcription (TAT) sequence to penetrate cell membrane, the peptides significantly decreased the peak amplitudes of Ca2+ currents and the peak amplitudes of EPSCs upon the external application through bath solution. Furthermore, the TAT-fused peptides dose dependently reduced the rat BP when administered intravenously. Significance: These data suggest that an interruption of alpha-beta subunit association in VDCC complex inhibits channel activation, thereby reducing VDCC-mediated physiological functions such as excitatory neurotransmission and arterial BP.

Automated summary

In this study, it was found that interrupting the association between alpha and beta subunits in VDCC complex can inhibit channel activation, leading to reduced excitatory neurotransmission and arterial blood pressure.