GTSE1 promotes prostate cancer cell proliferation via the SP1/FOXM1 signaling pathway

This study confirms that the expression of GTSE1 in prostate cancer is significantly increased and negatively correlated with patient prognosis. Furthermore, GTSE1 promotes prostate cancer cell proliferation via the SP1/FOXM1 signaling pathway, which facilitates tumorigenesis and progression. These results suggest that GTSE1 has potential value as a prognostic marker and therapeutic target in prostate cancer. G2 and S phase-expressed-1 (GTSE1) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several malignant tumors. However, its specific role in prostate cancer (PCa) remains unclear. In this study, RNA-Seq data from patients with PCa and controls were downloaded from the FIREBROWSE database, and it was found that the GTSE1 mRNA level was significantly upregulated in PCa. Moreover, patients with higher GTSE1 mRNA levels had higher Gleason scores (P < 0.001), a more advanced pT stage (P = 0.011), and a more advanced pN stage (P = 0.006) as well as a shorter time to biochemical recurrence (P = 0.005). In addition, overexpression of GTSE1 could promote proliferation in LNCaP cells, whereas silencing GTSE1 could inhibit the growth of C4-2 cells in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, GTSE1 enhanced the expression of FOXM1 by upregulating the SP1 protein level, a transcription factor of FOXM1, which ultimately promoted PCa cell proliferation. In summary, GTSE1 is a new candidate oncogene in the development and progression of PCa, and it can promote PCa cell proliferation via the SP1/FOXM1 signaling pathway.

Automated summary

This study demonstrates that GTSE1 is significantly upregulated in prostate cancer and negatively correlates with patient prognosis. GTSE1 promotes prostate cancer cell proliferation through the SP1/FOXM1 signaling pathway, suggesting its potential as a prognostic marker and therapeutic target in prostate cancer.