期刊
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
卷 599, 期 4, 页码 1041-1055出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1113/JP279870
关键词
diversity; gating; heteromerization; K+ channels; trafficking
资金
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche (Laboratory of Excellence 'Ion Channel Science and Therapeutics) [ANR-11-LABX-0015-01]
Potassium channels play a crucial role in cell excitability and signaling, with heteromerization increasing channel function and signaling diversity. Recent studies have shown evidence of heteromerization between different K-2P subunits, contributing to functional diversity and the importance of this family.
Potassium channels form the largest family of ion channels with more than 80 members involved in cell excitability and signalling. Most of them exist as homomeric channels, whereas specific conditions are required to obtain heteromeric channels. It is well established that heteromerization of voltage-gated and inward rectifier potassium channels affects their function, increasing the diversity of the native potassium currents. For potassium channels with two pore domains (K-2P), homomerization has long been considered the rule, their polymodal regulation by a wide diversity of physical and chemical stimuli being responsible for the adaptation of the leak potassium currents to cellular needs. This view has recently evolved with the accumulation of evidence of heteromerization between different K-2P subunits. Several functional intragroup and intergroup heteromers have recently been identified, which contribute to the functional heterogeneity of this family. K-2P heteromerization is involved in the modulation of channel expression and trafficking, promoting functional and signalling diversity. As illustrated in the Figure, heteromerization of TREK1 and TRAAK provides the cell with more possibilities of regulation. It is becoming increasingly evident that K-2P heteromers contribute to important physiological functions including neuronal and cardiac excitability. Since heteromerization also affects the pharmacology of K-2P channels, this understanding helps to establish K-2P heteromers as new therapeutic targets for physiopathological conditions.
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