期刊
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS
卷 54, 期 13, 页码 -出版社
IOP PUBLISHING LTD
DOI: 10.1088/1361-6463/abd5e5
关键词
silicon heterojunction solar cells; amorphous silicon; crystalline silicon; photovoltaic metallization
资金
- Engineering Research Center Program of the National Science Foundation
- Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy of the Department of Energy under NSF [EEC-1041895]
- National Science Foundation [1846685]
- Directorate For Engineering
- Div Of Electrical, Commun & Cyber Sys [1846685] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
Contacts implemented on the rear side of silicon heterojunction solar cells, such as a-Si:H(i)/a-Si:H(n)/Al and a-Si:H(i)/a-Si:H(p)/Al, demonstrate promising performance in electrical test structures and full-area solar cells. The stability and performance of the contacts are affected by annealing temperature and thickness of doped a-Si:H layers. Transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy analysis help to explain Al-Si interactions at the interfaces and understand the limiting materials properties affecting contact stability.
We characterize a-Si:H(i)/a-Si:H(n)/Al and a-Si:H(i)/a-Si:H(p)/Al contacts implemented on the rear side of silicon heterojunction solar cells. Electrical test structures and full-area solar cells employing these contacts demonstrate promising performance. For example, a-Si:H(i)/a-Si:H(p)/Al test structures with a 40 nm thick a-Si:H(p) layer that were annealed at 180 degrees C had contact resistivities of 48 m omega center dot cm(2) and implied open-circuit voltage losses after metallization of only 9 mV. Similarly, solar cells with full-area rear a-Si:H(i)/a-Si:H(n)/Al contacts that were annealed at 150 degrees C had open-circuit voltages of 717 mV and contact resistivities of 9.4 m omega center dot cm(2). For thinner doped a-Si:H layers and higher annealing temperatures, the contacts become less stable and performance degrades. Complementary transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy analysis show the Al-Si interactions at these interfaces that explain the range of exhibited performance. This analysis leads to a better understanding of the materials properties limiting the contact stability.
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