期刊
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
卷 124, 期 51, 页码 27867-27881出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.0c08104
关键词
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资金
- German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) [01186916/1, 03SF0403]
- Helmholtz Association (HGF) through the Helmholtz Energy Materials Foundry
- Dutch Research Council (NWO)
- Helmholtz Association, Germany within the Helmholtz Excellence Network SOLARMATH, a strategic collaboration of the DFG Excellence Cluster MATH+
- DFG Excellence Cluster MATH+ and Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin [ExNet-0042-Phase-2-3]
- Helmholtz Association through the Excellence network UniSysCat [ExNet-0029-Phase1]
- HySPRINT Innovation lab
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin
The rational combination of tetracene (Tc) with crystalline silicon (c-Si) could greatly enhance c-Si solar cell efficiencies via singlet fission. The Tc/c-Si energy-level alignment (ELA) is thought to be central to controlling the required interface transfer processes. We modified hydrogen-terminated c-Si (H-Si) with 2,2'-(perfluoronaphthalene-2,6-diylidene)dimalononitrile (F6TCNNQ), C-60 , or NF3 and probed the effect on the c-Si surface chemistry, the Tc/c-Si ELA, the Tc morphology, and solar cell characteristics using ultraviolet and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffraction, photoluminescence transients, device measurements, and transfer matrix-optical modeling. Submonolayer interlayers of F6TCNNQ shifted the Tc/H-Si(111) ELA by up to 0.55 eV. C-60 showed no notable effect on the ELA and proved detrimental for the Tc film morphology and solar cell performance. Neither F6TCNNQ nor C-60 improved the Tc-related photocurrent significantly. NF3 CVD substituted the H-termination of H-Si(100) with more electronegative species and resulted in work functions as high as 6 eV. This changed the Tc/H-Si(100) ELA by up to 0.45 eV. NF3 plasma from a remote source caused pronounced c-Si oxidation and a diminished c-Si photoluminescence lifetime, which was not observed for NF3 plasma created in close proximity to the c-Si surface or neutral NF3. We discuss possible reasons for why the improved ELA does not lead to an improved singlet fission harvest.
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