4.7 Article

Engulfed by Glia: Glial Pruning in Development, Function, and Injury across Species

期刊

JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
卷 41, 期 5, 页码 823-833

出版社

SOC NEUROSCIENCE
DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1660-20.2020

关键词

glia; phagocytosis; neuronal pruning; model organisms

资金

  1. National Institute of Health [T32T32AG066574, R01 NS114222, R01MH119349]
  2. Glenn Foundation for Medical Research
  3. Simons Foundation/SFARI [488574]
  4. Anderson Foundation
  5. Marco J. Heidner Foundation Pilot Fund
  6. National Institutes of Health [R21 NS107771, R01-EY026215, R01 NS117934, R01 NS072212]
  7. Ken and Ginger Harrison Term Professor Award
  8. Sigma-Xi
  9. Pew Charitable Trusts
  10. Burroughs Welcome Fund
  11. National Institutes of Health-T32: Training in Molecular Neurodegeneration
  12. University of Virginia Brain Institute
  13. AFAR Junior Faculty Grant

向作者/读者索取更多资源

The phagocytic activity of glial cells is crucial for proper nervous system development, maintenance, and health, with remarkably conserved pathways governing this engulfment process across different species and cell types.
Phagocytic activity of glial cells is essential for proper nervous system sculpting, maintenance of circuitry, and long-term brain health. Glial engulfment of apoptotic cells and superfluous connections ensures that neuronal connections are appropriately refined, while clearance of damaged projections and neurotoxic proteins in the mature brain protects against inflammatory insults. Comparative work across species and cell types in recent years highlights the striking conservation of pathways that govern glial engulfment. Many signaling cascades used during developmental pruning are re-employed in the mature brain to fine tune synaptic architecture and even clear neuronal debris following traumatic events. Moreover, the neuronglia signaling events required to trigger and perform phagocytic responses are impressively conserved between invertebrates and vertebrates. This review offers a compare-and-contrast portrayal of recent findings that underscore the value of investigating glial engulfment mechanisms in a wide range of species and contexts.

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