Recurrent Tubal Ectopic Pregnancy Management and the Risk of a Third Ectopic Pregnancy

Study Objective: To evaluate the rate of a third ectopic pregnancy according to the modality of treatment of the second ectopic pregnancy. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: University-affiliated tertiary medical center. Patients: One hundred eleven women who had 2 ectopic pregnancies and a third consecutive pregnancy between 2003 and 2018. Interventions: Surgery or medical treatment as required. Measurements and Main Results: With regard to the modality of treatment of the second ectopic pregnancy, the patients were divided into 3 groups: expectant management, medical treatment with methotrexate, and laparoscopic salpingectomy. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to assess the association of various parameters of the second ectopic pregnancy with the occurrence of a third ectopic pregnancy in the consecutive pregnancy. Twenty women (18.0%) were managed expectantly, 55 (49.6%) were treated with methotrexate, and 36 (32.4%) underwent surgery. Expectant management resulted in significantly higher rates of a third ectopic pregnancy compared with treatment with methotrexate or surgical intervention (50.0% vs 18.2% and 13.8%, respectively; p=.005). In the cases of 2 ipsilateral ectopic pregnancies, the interventional approach (medical or surgical treatment) resulted in lower recurrence rates compared with expectant management (25.7% vs 60.0%, respectively; p=.043). Conclusion: The risk of a third episode of an ectopic pregnancy after expectant management of a second ectopic pregnancy is extremely high. An interventional approach by treatment with methotrexate or salpingectomy is therefore preferred for recurrent ectopic pregnancy management, especially in ipsilateral recurrences. (C) 2020 AAGL. All rights reserved.

Automated summary

This study evaluated the relationship between the treatment modality of the second ectopic pregnancy and the occurrence rate of a third ectopic pregnancy in consecutive pregnancies. The results showed that expectant management of the second ectopic pregnancy had a significantly higher risk of a third ectopic pregnancy, and interventional approaches such as methotrexate or salpingectomy were preferred for recurrent ectopic pregnancy management, especially in cases of bilateral ectopic pregnancies.