Antioxidant properties and phenolic composition of Composed Yerba Mate

Yerba mate contains bioactive compounds, and is widely consumed as a decoction beverage in several Southern American countries. At present, the consumption of mate with added herbal blends and flavors, called composed yerba mate, has increased; however, no studies on the antioxidant characteristics of these products have been published. In this sense, the main objective was to assess the antioxidant characteristics of composed yerba mate compared to traditional yerba mate, in the form it is traditionally consumed. Total polyphenols content ranged from 15 to 45 mg/g GAE in all decoctions analyzed. Seventeen phenolic compounds were identified and quantified by HPLC-DAD-MS/MS, mainly belonging to the caffeoylquinic acids group. The antioxidant capacity was measured using in vitro assays, Ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), and with Saccharomyces cerevisiae as the in vivo model organism. All decoctions displayed antioxidant activity and were capable of rescuing yeast cells between 10.68 and 18.38% from oxidative stress. Multiple regression analysis showed a high correlation between phenolic composition and activity of samples, where different compounds indicate a significant contribution to the observed activity. Significant differences were found in the content, profile and antioxidant activity of polyphenols when traditional yerba mate and composed yerba mate were compared. In some cases, the antioxidant capacity was similar or higher in composed yerba mate; while the rest displayed lower biological activity. Based on these findings, it would be possible to assume that the addition of herb mixtures modifies the antioxidant and biological properties of mate.

Automated summary

The study evaluated the antioxidant characteristics of composed yerba mate compared to traditional yerba mate, finding total polyphenols content ranging from 15 to 45 mg/g GAE. Antioxidant capacity was verified through in vitro and in vivo assays, with a high correlation between phenolic composition and activity of samples. Differences in polyphenol content, profile and antioxidant activity were significant when comparing traditional yerba mate with composed yerba mate.