Beta-cell function and human islet transplantation: can we improve?

Islet transplantation, a therapeutic option to treat type 1 diabetes, is not yet as successful as whole-pancreas transplantation as a treatment for diabetes. Mouse models are commonly used for islet research. However, it is clear disparities exist between islet transplantation outcomes in mice and humans. Given the shortage of transplant-grade islets, it is crucial that we further our understanding of factors that determine long-term islet survival and function post-transplantation. In turn, this may lead to new therapeutic targets and strategies that will improve transplant outcomes. Here, we summarise the current landscape in clinical transplantation, highlight underlying similarities and differences between mouse and human islets, and review intervent ions that are being considered to create a new pool of beta-cells for clinical application.

Automated summary

Islet transplantation for type 1 diabetes is not as successful as whole-pancreas transplantation. Mouse models are commonly used, but there are disparities between mouse and human islet transplantation outcomes. Understanding factors that impact long-term islet survival and function post-transplantation is crucial due to the shortage of transplant-grade islets.