期刊
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
卷 22, 期 1, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010376
关键词
galectin-8; Cynoglossus semilaevis; bacterial binding; bactericidal; immune defense
资金
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2018YFD0900500]
- Marine S&T Fund of Shandong Province for Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao) [2018SDKJ0302-2]
- Taishan Scholar Program of Shandong Province
In the study, a tandem repeat galectin-8 (CsGal-8) was identified and characterized in tongue sole, showing binding and bactericidal effects against a wide range of bacteria. CsGal-8 likely plays a crucial role in immune defense by interacting with and killing bacterial pathogens directly.
Galectins are a family of animal lectins with high affinity for beta-galactosides. Galectins are able to bind to bacteria, and a few mammalian galectins are known to kill the bound bacteria. In fish, no galectins with direct bactericidal effect have been reported. In the present study, we identified and characterized a tandem repeat galectin-8 from tongue sole Cynoglossus semilaevis (designated CsGal-8). CsGal-8 possesses conserved carbohydrate recognition domains (CRDs), as well as the conserved HXNPR and WGXEE motifs that are critical for carbohydrate binding. CsGal-8 was constitutively expressed in nine tissues of tongue sole and up-regulated in kidney, spleen, and blood by bacterial challenge. When expressed in HeLa cells, CsGal-8 protein was detected both in the cytoplasm and in the micro-vesicles secreted from the cells. Recombinant CsGal-8 (rCsGal-8) bound to lactose and other carbohydrates in a dose dependent manner. rCsGal-8 bound to a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and was co-localized with the bound bacteria in animal cells. Lactose, fructose, galactose, and trehalose effectively blocked the interactions between rCsGal-8 and different bacteria. Furthermore, rCsGal-8 exerted potent bactericidal activity against some gram-negative bacterial pathogens by directly damaging the membrane and structure of the pathogens. Taken together, these results indicate that CsGal-8 likely plays an important role in the immune defense against some bacterial pathogens by direct bacterial interaction and killing.
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