Optimal Coordination of Electric Vehicles for Virtual Power Plants With Dynamic Communication Spectrum Allocation

This article proposes an optimal coordinated scheduling of electric vehicles (EVs) for a virtual power plant (VPP) considering communication reliability. Recent advancements on wireless technologies offer flexible communication solutions with wide coverage and low-cost deployment for smart grid. Nevertheless, the imperfect communication may deteriorate the monitoring and controlling performance of distributed energy resources. An interactive approach is presented for combined optimization of dynamic spectrum allocation and EV scheduling in the VPP to coordinate charging discharging strategies of massive and dispersed EVs. In the proposed approach, a dynamic partitioning model of the multi-user multi-channel cognitive radio is used to cope with the vehicle-to-grid (V2G) communication issue due to variable EV parking behaviors, and a two-stage V2G dispatch scheme is proposed for the wind-solar-EV VPP to maximize its overall daily profit. Furthermore, the effects of packet loss probability on the VPP scheduling performance and battery degradation cost are thoroughly analyzed and investigated. Comparative studies have been implemented to demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed methodology under various imperfect communication conditions.

Automated summary

This article presents an optimal coordinated scheduling of electric vehicles for a virtual power plant, taking into account communication reliability, by utilizing dynamic spectrum allocation and EV scheduling to coordinate the charging and discharging strategies of massive and dispersed EVs. A two-stage V2G dispatch scheme is proposed to maximize the overall daily profit of the VPP. The effects of packet loss probability on scheduling performance and battery degradation cost are thoroughly analyzed and demonstrated through comparative studies.