Improved physicochemical properties of peanut protein isolate glycated by atmospheric pressure cold plasma (ACP) treatment

This study investigated the effects of the atmospheric pressure cold plasma (ACP) treatment on the glycation of peanut protein isolate (PPI) and dextran (Dex). The results showed a rapid conjugation between PPI and dextran with a degree of grafting (DG) of 21.62% after 1.5 min of treatment. The solubility and emulsion stability of PPI-Dex conjugates increased remarkably. SDS-PAGE analysis confirmed the coupling of PPI with dextran to form conjugates. After ACP treatment, the amino acid content analysis revealed a decrease in the content of lysine and phenylalanine. FTIR spectroscopy showed an increase in the absorption of the characteristic hydroxyl peaks at 3500-3000 cm(-1) and 1260-1000 cm(-1) of the PPI-Dex conjugates, a decrease in the content of alpha-helix and beta-sheets, and an increase in the content of beta-turns. These alterations were due to the ACP treatment that changed the structure of PPI from compact and hydrophobic to loose and hydrophilic.