期刊
FEMS MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS
卷 45, 期 4, 页码 -出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuaa070
关键词
Deformed wing virus; Varroa destructor; reverse genetics; honey bee; virus bottleneck; pathogen spillover
类别
资金
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) (EastBIO doctoral training grant) [ABS0-RTSGLW]
- BBSRC [1804636] Funding Source: UKRI
Deformed wing virus (DWV) is a significant viral pathogen of honey bees, particularly when vectored by mites. The lack of in vitro cell culture has hindered research, but the development of reverse genetic systems has allowed for advancements in studying strain variation, host tropism, and pathogenesis.
Deformed wing virus (DWV) is the most important viral pathogen of honey bees. It usually causes asymptomatic infections but, when vectored by the ectoparasitic mite Varroa destructor, it is responsible for the majority of overwintering colony losses globally. Although DWV was discovered four decades ago, research has been hampered by the absence of an in vitro cell culture system or the ability to culture pure stocks of the virus. The recent developments of reverse genetic systems for DWV go some way to addressing these limitations. They will allow the investigation of specific questions about strain variation, host tropism and pathogenesis to be answered, and are already being exploited to study tissue tropism and replication in Varroa and non-Apis pollinators. Three areas neatly illustrate the advances possible with reverse genetic approaches: (i) strain variation and recombination, in which reverse genetics has highlighted similarities rather than differences between virus strains; (ii) analysis of replication kinetics in both honey bees and Varroa, in studies that likely explain the near clonality of virus populations often reported; and (iii) pathogen spillover to non-Apis pollinators, using genetically tagged viruses to accurately monitor replication and infection.
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