Geometry effects on mode I brittle fracture in U-notched specimens

The effects of geometrical constraints on the fracture initiation location and the fracture strength are evaluated in U-notched specimens using theoretical and experimental analyses. It is proven that high geometrical constraints in pure mode I loading of geometrically symmetric U-notched specimens can result in occurrence of the maximum tangential stress (MTS) at two symmetric points on both sides of the notch bisector line. The experiments also indicated that the fracture takes place from a direction that is not along the notch bisector line. The experimental results are then examined theoretically through a stress-based brittle fracture criterion. Because the conventional MTS criterion was poor to predict the onset of fracture properly, an attempt is made to use the generalized MTS (GMTS) criterion by considering the higher order terms in the fracture model. It is shown that the GMTS criterion gives very good predictions for experimentally obtained values of crack initiation angle and notch fracture resistance.

Automated summary

The study found that in geometrically symmetric U-notched specimens under pure mode I loading, high geometrical constraints can lead to the occurrence of maximum tangential stress at two symmetric points on both sides of the notch bisector line, and the fracture does not always occur along the notch bisector line. The generalized MTS criterion shows good predictions for experimentally obtained values of crack initiation angle and notch fracture resistance, suggesting its effectiveness in predicting fracture behavior in U-notched specimens.