期刊
EXPERT OPINION ON DRUG DELIVERY
卷 18, 期 7, 页码 849-876出版社
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2021.1873273
关键词
Central nervous system (CNS); cerebrovascular diseases; cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM); inflammation; oxidative stress; nanosystems; nanodiagnostics; nanotherapeutics; nanotheranostics; nose-to-brain delivery
资金
- Telethon Foundation [GGP15219]
- Fondazione CRT (Cassa di Risparmio di Torino)
- Universita degli Studi di Torino
Cerebrovascular diseases encompass a variety of brain vasculature disorders and are major causes of mortality and disability worldwide. They can be inherited, with common pathogenetic roles of oxidative stress and inflammation. Nanomedicine strategies may offer innovative features for early detection and treatment of such diseases.
Introduction: Cerebrovascular diseases encompass various disorders of the brain vasculature, such as ischemic/hemorrhagic strokes, aneurysms, and vascular malformations, also affecting the central nervous system leading to a large variety of transient or permanent neurological disorders. They represent major causes of mortality and long-term disability worldwide, and some of them can be inherited, including Cerebral Cavernous Malformation (CCM), an autosomal dominant cerebrovascular disease linked to mutations in CCM1/KRIT1, CCM2, or CCM3/PDCD10 genes. Areas covered: Besides marked clinical and etiological heterogeneity, some commonalities are emerging among distinct cerebrovascular diseases, including key pathogenetic roles of oxidative stress and inflammation, which are increasingly recognized as major disease hallmarks and therapeutic targets. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the different clinical features and common pathogenetic determinants of cerebrovascular diseases, highlighting major challenges, including the pressing need for new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, and focusing on emerging innovative features and promising benefits of nanomedicine strategies for early detection and targeted treatment of such diseases. Expert opinion: Specifically, we describe and discuss the multiple physico-chemical features and unique biological advantages of nanosystems, including nanodiagnostics, nanotherapeutics, and nanotheranostics, that may help improving diagnosis and treatment of cerebrovascular diseases and neurological comorbidities, with an emphasis on CCM disease.
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